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INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY 2024智慧树满分答案
第一章 单元测试
1、单选题：
Determining whether something is true or false by observing it through experimentation is called _____________.
A:
naturalism
B:
philosophy
C:
inference
D:
empiricism
答案:
empiricism
2、单选题：
What was William James main contribution to the field of Psychology?
A:
Conducting the first laboratory based research experiments
B:
Generating and publishing ideas about psychological topics
C:
Measuring the speed of neural transmission rate
D:
Training observers how to perform introspection
答案:
Generating and publishing ideas about psychological topics
3、单选题：
Who is recognized as being the first psychologist?
A:
Ernst Weber
B:
Sigmund Freud
C:
Wilhelm Wundt
D:
Hermann Von Helmholtz
答案:
Wilhelm Wundt
4、单选题：
Introspection is a technique wherein a person reflects upon and reports their personal experience. Early scientists criticized this technique because it was ____________.
A:
Indirect and objective
B:
Direct and subjective
C:
Direct and objective
D:
Indirect and subjective
答案:
Indirect and subjective
5、单选题：
According to Freud, psychological problems arise from conflict between the __________ and the ________.
A:
Id; Ego
B:
Super-ego; Ego
C:
Super-ego; Id
D:
Conscious; Subconscious
答案:
Super-ego; Id
6、单选题：
According to Freud, what is the part of our psyche that is instinctually driven by our basic needs, wants and desires?
A:
Id
B:
Super-ego
C:
Ego
D:
Conscience
答案:
Id
7、单选题：
According to Freud, what is the part of the psyche that attempts to balance immediate gratification and societal norms?
A:
Super-ego
B:
Ego
C:
Id
D:
Preconscious
答案:
Ego
8、单选题：
What is the best way to describe Freuds approach to psychology?
A:
Medical
B:
Scientific
C:
Empirical
D:
Epistemological
答案:
Medical
9、单选题：
According to Freud, what is the part of our psyche that is most interested in maintaining societal norms and decency?
A:
Id
B:
Ego
C:
Super-ego
D:
Personality
答案:
Super-ego
10、单选题：
The idea that human behavior is governed by a physical component and a non physical (i.e., spiritual) component is referred to as ____________.
A:
dualism
B:
materialism
C:
empiricism
D:
rationalism
答案:
dualism
11、单选题：
What does Luigi Galvani’s research with applied electrical currents suggest?
A:
Human behaviour is a combination of mechanical and spiritual components.
B:
Human behaviour is caused by electrochemical processes.
C:
The brain is divided into areas for specific tasks.
D:
The brain is not divided into areas for specific tasks.
答案:
Human behaviour is caused by electrochemical processes.
12、单选题：
Who is credited with the development of Cartesian Dualism?
A:
John Locke
B:
James Mills
C:
Luigi Galvani
D:
Rene Descartes
答案:
Rene Descartes
13、单选题：
What philosophical view of human behavior is best supported by the work of Paul Broca?
A:
Materialism
B:
Dualism
C:
Empiricism
D:
Existentialism
答案:
Materialism
14、单选题：
According to materialism, what is the cause of human behaviour?
A:
Spiritual induction
B:
Physical mechanisms
C:
Internal motivations
D:
Emotional states
答案:
Physical mechanisms
第二章 单元测试
1、单选题：
What is the branch of psychology called where researchers study how groups work together and people interact with each other?
A:
Individual Psychology
B:
Social Psychology
C:
Humanistic Psychology
D:
Cross-cultural Psychology
答案:
Social Psychology
2、单选题：
Which part of the scientific process is observational research best suited for?
A:
Generating answers
B:
Generating questions
C:
Establishing theories
D:
Refuting theories
答案:
Generating questions
3、单选题：
If the amount of time a student spent studying was positively correlated with grades achieved, what would we expect to see if someone had low grades?
A:
The student did not spend a lot of time studying
B:
The student spent a lot of time studying
C:
A strong negative correlation
D:
There is not enough information to determine correlation
答案:
The student did not spend a lot of time studying
4、单选题：
A positive correlation between two variables means that as _______.
A:
one variable increases, the other variable increases
B:
one variable increases, the other variable decreases
C:
one variable decreases, the other variable stays the same
D:
one variable decreases, the other variable increases
答案:
one variable increases, the other variable increases
5、单选题：
A scatter plot that shows a trend line that travels down to the right would demonstrate what type of correlation?
A:
negative correlation
B:
positive correlation
C:
weak correlation
D:
no correlation
答案:
negative correlation
6、单选题：
What does SR stand for in behavioral psychology?
A:
Stimulus Response
B:
Secondary Reaction
C:
Selective Response
D:
Stimulation Reaction
答案:
Stimulus Response
7、单选题：
What did the Little Albert Experiment tell us about the relation between stimuli and responses?
A:
Responses to stimuli cannot be conditioned
B:
Responses to stimuli can be conditioned
C:
Conditioned responses can be eliminated
D:
Conditioned responses cannot be eliminated
答案:
Responses to stimuli can be conditioned
8、单选题：
Why does cognitive psychology consider the computer to be good analogy of the human brain?
A:
It records information as binary code
B:
It stores vast quantities of information
C:
Its operations cannot be seen
D:
It processes input and generates output
答案:
It processes input and generates output
9、单选题：
What practice makes psychology a science rather than just a collection of ideas and arguments?
A:
Formal debates
B:
Publishing journal articles
C:
Experimentation
D:
Public funding
答案:
Experimentation
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