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A:Sentence B:Meaning C:Utterance D:Syntactic category 答案: Syntactic category Among the following categories, ________ are word categories.
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To put it in a simple way, linguistics studies ________, meaning of linguistic units, and the use and interpretation of a sentence in different contexts.
A:sentence structure
B:properties of speech sounds
C:combination of speech sounds into a meaningful unit
D:word formation
答案: sentence structure;properties of speech sounds;combination of speech sounds into a meaningful unit;word formation
To have a scientific language study, we must pursue brevity in analyzing the data and in stating our findings, which can be summarized as the standard of ________.
A:consistency
B:exhaustiveness
C:objectivity
D:economy
答案: economy
Parole refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community.
A:对
B:错
答案: 错
The reason for Frenchmen to use cheval and for English to use horse to refer to the same animal is inexplicable.
A:对
B:错
答案: 对
Of speech and writing, modern linguistics regards writing as the primary medium of communication.
A:错
B:对
答案: 错
According to Chomsky, competence is the actual realization of the performance in linguistic communication.
A:错
B:对
答案: 错
Which of the following disciplines are related to applied linguistics?
A:physics
B:education
C:psycholinguistics
D:geology
答案: education;psycholinguistics
Unlike animal communication systems, human language is ________.
A:under immediate stimulus control
B:stimulated by some occurrence of communal interest
C:stimulus free
D:stimulus bound
答案: stimulus free
________ has been widely accepted as the forefather of modern linguistics.
A:Bloomfield
B:Chomsky
C:John Lyons
D:de Saussure
答案: de Saussure
By saying language is arbitrary, we mean that there is no logical connection between meaning and ________.
A:phoneme
B:word
C:morpheme
D:sound
答案: sound
What kind of sounds can we make, when the vocal cords are vibrating?
A:Vowels
B:Voiced consonants
C:Glottal stop
D:Voiceless consonants
答案: Vowels;Voiced consonants
Which one is different from the others according to manners of articulation?
A:z
B:w
C:v
D:f
答案: w
Which of the following CANNOT be considered as a minimal pair?
A:but-cut
B:but-put
C:but-bat
D:but-bus
答案: but-put
The sound /z/ can be described with “voiced, ________, alveolar”.
A:palatal
B:affricate
C:labiodental
D:fricative
答案: fricative
In English, if three consonants cluster together at the beginning of a word, the combination could be the following EXCEPT ________.
A:skw
B:spl
C:sks
D:spr
E:stj
答案: sks;stj
A phoneme in one language or one dialect may be an allophone in another language or dialect.
A:对
B:错
答案: 对
The speech sounds which are in complementary distribution are definitely allophones of the same phoneme.
A:错
B:对
答案: 错
Broad Transcription is intended to symbolize all the possible speech sounds, including the minute shades.
A:对
B:错
答案: 错
The initial sound of “peak” is aspirated while the second sound of “speak” is unaspirated. They are allophones.
A:对
B:错
答案: 对
Phonetic similarity means that the allophones of a phoneme must bear some morphological resemblance.
A:对
B:错
答案: 错
The italicized word in the sentence “They are better fed, better housed, and better clothed than ever before” is a good example of ________.
A:blending
B:derivation
C:compounding
D:conversion
答案: conversion
We can classify morphemes into ________.
A:derivational morphemes and inflectional morphemes
B:adjective morphemes and numeral morphemes
C:lexical morphemes and grammatical morphemes
D:bound morphemes and free morphemes
答案: derivational morphemes and inflectional morphemes;lexical morphemes and grammatical morphemes;bound morphemes and free morphemes
________ of the four words are good examples of compounding.
A:blueprint
B:mouthful
C:blackboard
D: hotdog
答案: blueprint ;blackboard ; hotdog
A(n) ________ is the smallest meaningful linguistic unit of language, not divisible or analyzable into smaller forms.
A:word
B:lexeme
C:allomorph
D:morpheme
答案: morpheme
The word children contains _________ morphemes
A: 2
B: 3
C: 1
D: 4
答案: 2
The italicized word in sentence ________, the italicized part DOESN’T involve conversion.
A:His smile could not very well mask his anger.
B:The teacher told the students to be quiet.
C: The book yellowed with age.
D:He walked carefully so as not to wet his shoes.
答案: The teacher told the students to be quiet.
Most prefixes can occur as independent words.
A:对
B:错
答案: 错
Such compounds as quick-frozen, far-fetched, fresh-baked, and long-awaited are created by “a./ad. + v.-ed”.
A:错
B:对
答案: 对
In American English, compounds are NOT usually written solid as soon as they have gained some permanent status.
A:错
B:对
答案: 错
A compound can be formed by placing any lexical item in front of another.
A:对
B:错
答案: 错
Syntax is the study of how words and phrases are properly formed out of elements of a language.
A:对
B:错
答案: 错
Many syntactic theories have developed in response to generative syntax.
A:对
B:错
答案: 对
In the course of its development, generative grammar gradually shifted its focus from language itself to the native speaker’s knowledge of language.
A:对
B:错
答案: 对
In the generative tradition, language is usually understood to refer to the all the language structures that native speakers can generate.
A:错
B:对
答案: 错
According to Chomsky, I-language refers to a set of sentences a native speaker can use.
A:对
B:错
答案: 错
The sub-component which includes the rules governing word formation is called ________.
A:pragmatics
B:phonology
C:morphology
D:semantics
答案: morphology
________ is to syntax what phoneme to phonology and morpheme to morphology.
A:Sentence
B:Meaning
C:Utterance
D:Syntactic category
答案: Syntactic category
Among the following categories, ________ are word categories.
A:VP
B:P
C:Adj.
D:NP
答案: P;Adj.
In the category of CP, letter C stands for ____________.
A:curriculum
B:complement
C:complementizer
D:capital
答案: complementizer
Adverbs in English can be divided into ________.
A:big adverbs
B:sentence-adverbs
C:manner adverbs
D:small adverbs
答案: sentence-adverbs;manner adverbs
The approach to semantic study that is more concerned with the relationship between linguistic expressions and the phenomena in the world to which they refer may be called ________.
A:Cognitive Semantics
B:Logical Semantics
C:Formal Semantics
D:Linguistic Semantics
答案: Logical Semantics
The Contextualist View of meaning is based on the presumption that one can derive meaning from observable contexts.
A:错
B:对
答案: 对
Meaning can be studied as ________.
A:contexts
B:concepts
C:naming
D:behavior
答案: contexts ;concepts ;naming ;behavior
Predication analysis is to break down predications into their constituents: ________ and ________.
A:head
B:argument
C:predicate
D:complement
答案: argument ;predicate
The predication of the sentence “Jack is happy” is said to consist of Jack, the _________, and happy, the predicate.
A:predication
B:subject
C:argument
D:predicate
答案: argument
The sense relations between words can be analyzed in terms of truth conditions.
A:错
B:对
答案: 错
As for gradable antonyms, the denial of one is the assertion of the other.
A:对
B:错
答案: 错
A pair of complementary antonyms is characterized by the feature that the denial of one member implies the assertion of the other.
A:错
B:对
答案: 对
The concept of REFERENCE can be regarded as a connection between the linguistic element and the non-linguistic world of experience.
A:错
B:对
答案: 对
According to the classic semantic triangle suggested by Ogden and Richards, the meaning of a word is the concept connecting the word with the real thing in the world. This concept is called Reference or Thought.
A:对
B:错
答案: 对
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