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提前期加长，需求变动性不变如果信息完全集中，供应链成员都是用同样的预测方法和库存策略，则牛鞭效应会消失。
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企业各个部门独立决策只能导致绩效的次优结果
A:对
B:错
答案: 对
实体配送管理包括物料供应过程
A:对
B:错
答案: 错
相比物流管理，供应链管理包含了组织之间的协同
A:错
B:对
答案: 对
基于订单的运营模式考虑的重点是交货期
A:对
B:错
答案: 对
推拉供应链中推动和拉动部分对主要区别在于不确定性的大小
A:错
B:对
答案: 对
Which of the following expressions best describes the integration of the systems concept？
A:2+2 always equals 4
B:2+2 equals more than 4
C:2 plus 2 equals 4
D:2+2 equals less than 4
答案: 2+2 equals more than 4
Which of the following benefits is expected when implementing collaborative supply chain management?
A:Synchronizing supply and demand
B:A. Maximizing the performance of the firm
C:Reducing the number of competitors
D:Increasing scope of operations
答案: Synchronizing supply and demand
职能孤岛时代部门之间分离的原因是
A:惯例和惰性
B:缺乏成本权衡观念
C:合作失败
D:不同职能目标的冲突
答案: 惯例和惰性;缺乏成本权衡观念;不同职能目标的冲突
企业的供应链管理部门应该包含的职能是
A:营销
B:采购
C:生产
D:物流
答案: 采购;生产;物流
订货批量的存在与规模经济效应密切相关
A:错
B:对
答案: 对
在其他条件不变时，订货成本与订货量成正比
A:对
B:错
答案: 对
在其他条件不变时，库存持有成本与订货量成正比
A:对
B:错
答案: 错
In most supply chains, raising customer service goals has which of the following consequences? I. Higher inventory；II. Higher customer service levels levels； III. Lower total costs
A:I only
B:II and III only
C:I, II, and III
D:I and II only
答案: I and II only
A forecast is typically more accurate for
A:physical units rather than monetary units
B:daily rather than monthly periods of time
C:far out in the future rather than nearer time periods
D:groups of items rather than for individual items
答案: groups of items rather than for individual items
Which of the following is included in the cost of carrying inventory?
A:inventory obsolescence
B:material handling
C:all of the above
D:Heating and lighting a warehouse
答案: all of the above
Which of the following costs will increase if a retailer requests the same amount of inventory to be delivered in twice as many shipments?
A:carrying costs
B:ordering costs
C:item costs
D:backorder costs
答案: ordering costs
The concept of postponement strategy
A:Seeks to reduce the risk of delivery
B:involves two organizations working together to delay delivery
C:Involves strategic delay of the delivery
D:Seeks to reduce the risk of forecast
答案: Seeks to reduce the risk of forecast
周期库存越低会导致
A:库存持有成本越低
B:平均流动时间越短
C:服务水平越低
D:资本需求越低
答案: 库存持有成本越低;平均流动时间越短;资本需求越低
库存持有成本的构成要素包括
A:过期成本
B:机会成本
C:维护成本
D:税费
答案: 过期成本;机会成本;维护成本;税费
In the MPC process, capacity decisions (equipment, facilities, suppliers, etc.) are most likely to occur in which time horizon?
A:short
B:immediate
C:long
D:intermediate
答案: long
Sales and operations planning (SOP) and demand management are a part of which MPC phase?
A:Execution
B:All of the above
C:Detailed planning
D:Direction setting
答案: Direction setting
Products that are part of a one-time production process (e.g., bridges or aircraft carriers) would most likely use which form of MPC?
A:Project
B:Just in time
C:Fow
D:Repetitive
答案: Project
The customer order decoupling point is best defined as
A:The point in the supply chain where the customer’s order is received
B:The point in the supply chain where demand changes from dependent to independent
C:The point where the customer takes responsibility for shipping costs
D:The point where customer payments are received
答案: The point in the supply chain where demand changes from dependent to independent
The first step in the collaborative planning, forecasting, and replenishment (CPFR) process is to
A:Create a sales forecast
B:Establish a collaborative relationship
C:Create an order forecast
D:Create a joint business plan
答案: Establish a collaborative relationship
Sales and operations planning (SOP) provides which of the following benefits? I. Key communications links for top management; II. A basis to focus production resources; III. Detailed production plans
A:I only
B:I and II only
C:II only
D:III only
答案: I and II only
Advantages of the sales and operations planning process include I. Visibility of the interaction between functional groups; II. Identification of the trade-offs between functional groups; III. The ability to overproduce the plan without the need for additional meetings
A:III only
B:I and II only
C:II only
D:I only
答案: I and II only
Top management roles in sales and operations planning include I. Commitment to the process; II. Forcing resolution of trade-offs; III. Designing tools used to conduct sales and operations planning
A:I and II only
B:II only
C:I only
D:II and III only
答案: I and II only
The Master Production Schedule (MPS) shows when products will physically be available to ship?
A:对
B:错
答案: 错
When the master production schedule (MPS) is frozen for some period, changes to the plan within that period are typically prohibited
A:对
B:错
答案: 对
设置配送中心的位置，并确定各配送中心的服务市场，属于网络设计决策。
A:对
B:错
答案: 对
网络设计的决策大多属于长期影响的决策类型，故决策需要科学严谨。
A:对
B:错
答案: 对
企业采用低成本战略时，设施布局往往考虑规模经济性以降低运营成本。
A:对
B:错
答案: 对
在网络设计方案选择时，可以选择一个最优的方案。
A:对
B:错
答案: 错
有产能约束的选址模型属于混合整数规划问题。
A:对
B:错
答案: 对
重力模型进行求解时，可以通过迭代算法得出其满意解。
A:错
B:对
答案: 对
在模型建模时，最好尽可能地将更多的因素考虑进去，这样可以得到和现实问题无限接近的模型。
A:错
B:对
答案: 错
在服装零售业，配送成本占有销售收入的很大比重，所以配送网络设计决策非常重要。
A:对
B:错
答案: 对
在配送方案选择时，可能很难找到最优方案，各方案的确定主要是更方面因素间的权衡。
A:错
B:对
答案: 对
全球化为供应链的发展提供了无数机会，同时也增加了风险。
A:对
B:错
答案: 对
实现信息共享主要可以减少以下哪个方面的原因带来的牛鞭效应。
A:批量生产/订购
B:价格浮动和促销
C:非理性预期
答案: 批量生产/订购
采用JIT模式通过缩短提前期可以降低牛鞭效应，主要可以减少以下哪个方面原因带来的牛鞭效应。
A:批量生产/订购
B:非理性预期
C:价格浮动和促销
答案: 价格浮动和促销
需求可能会收到促销活动的影响，实施信息共享可以帮助提高需求预测的精度。
A:对
B:错
答案: 对
企业可以通过比较信息的使用所带来的收益和获取信息所花费的成本来获取信息的价值度量。
A:对
B:错
答案: 对
缓解牛鞭效应的措施有（ ）
A:建立供应链战略伙伴关系
B:缩短提前期
C:制定合理的价格策略
D:实现信息共享
答案: 建立供应链战略伙伴关系;缩短提前期;制定合理的价格策略;实现信息共享
在研究帮宝适产品时，宝洁公司发现该产品的零售数量相当稳定，但分销商向供应商下达的订单的变化波动性却很大，这种现象称为牛鞭效应。
A:错
B:对
答案: 对
以下提前期和需求变动性的关系描述正确的是（ ）
A:
提前期加长，需求变动性不变
B:
提前期加长，需求变动性增加
C:
其余描述都不正确
答案:
提前期加长，需求变动性不变
如果信息完全集中，供应链成员都是用同样的预测方法和库存策略，则牛鞭效应会消失。
A:错
B:对
答案: 错
纵向一体化战略可以帮助实现供应链的全局最优。
A:错
B:对
答案: 对
一般来说，天天低价策略能够形成更加稳定的变动性更小的顾客需求模式。
A:错
B:对
答案: 对
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